It is irrelevant whether you read it on your iPhone, IPad, Android, Blackberry, MAC, laptop or in the library. Creating references is not about documenting "how" you located the information but providing the reader a direct path to the "original" source of the material.
Remember - the "iPhone app" is not the source of the article - the "journal", "book" , "point of care tool", etc. is your source. Cite it as you would the source if you were to find it on the shelf or in a physical form.
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. With millions of copies sold worldwide in multiple languages, it is the style manual of choice for writers, researchers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences, natural sciences, nursing, communications, education, business, engineering, and other fields. Known for its authoritative, easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, language, and tone that will result in powerful, concise, and elegant scholarly communication. It guides users through the scholarly writing process-from the ethics of authorship to reporting research through publication. The seventh edition is an indispensable resource for students and professionals to achieve excellence in writing and make an impact with their work. The seventh edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect best practices in scholarly writing and publishing. All formats are in full color, with a new tabbed spiral version Improved ease of navigation, with many additional numbered sections to help users quickly locate answers to their questions Resources for students on writing and formatting annotated bibliographies, response papers, and other paper types as well as guidelines on citing course materials Dedicated chapter for new users of APA Style covering paper elements and format, including sample papers for both professional authors and student writers New chapter on journal article reporting standards that includes updates to reporting standards for quantitative research and the first-ever qualitative and mixed methods reporting standards in APA Style New chapter on bias-free language guidelines for writing about people with respect and inclusivity in areas including age, disability, gender, participation in research, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality More than 100 new reference examples covering periodicals, books, audiovisual media, social media, webpages and websites, and legal resources More than 40 new sample tables and figures Expanded guidance on ethical writing and publishing practices, including how to ensure the appropriate level of citation, avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and navigate the publication process Guidelines that support accessibility for all users, including simplified reference, in-text citation, and heading formats as well as additional font options
Links to Directly to APA Citation Style, 7th edition - Research Guides at George Washington University
Point of Care / Database Resources
Helpful Tip
General Format
In-Text Citation:
(Author Surname, Year/last updated)
References:
Personal or Corporate Author. (Last update if not known, put n.d.).
Title of specific document. Publisher. Retrieved date from URL database homepage
Example: Up to Date According to the instruction from UpToDate, Cite the UpToDate® topic as a chapter in a book titled UpToDate, edited by the section editor, published by UpToDate in Waltham, MA. There are no page numbers to cite, and the publication year for any topic should be the current year. Here is an example: In-Text Citation: Up to Date (File, 2016) References: Up to Date File, T.M. (2016). Treatment of hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia in adults. In J.G. Bartlett (Ed.), UpToDate. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html In-Text Citation: Up to Date (Pauli & Repke, 2015) References: Up to Date Pauli, J.M, & Repke, T.M. (2015). Insertion of interuterine pressure catheters. In S.M.Ramin (Ed.), UpToDate. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html In-Text Citation: Up to Date (Marion, 2013) References: Up to Date Marion, D.W. (2013). Diaphragmatic pacing. In T. W. Post (Ed.), UpToDate. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html Example: FirstConsult In-Text Citation: FirstConsult (Dietrich & Kreindler, 2015)
References: FirstConsult
Dietrich, A., & Kriendler, J.L. (2015, April 17). Asthma in Children . St. Louis: Elsevier.
Retrieved January, 15, 2016 from www.clinicalkey.com
Example: Epocrates
In-Text Citation: Epocrates
(Shah & Kantharia, 2015)
References: Epocrates
Shah , A.N., & Kantharia, B.K. (2015, January 7). Acute atrial fibrillation. San Mateo, CA :
Epocrates, Inc.. Retrieved February, 2, 2016 from www.epocrates.com |
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Rule for Subscription Databases
Bad Example: Tuggy, M.L., & Gilliam, M. (2013, July 28). Knee Injury.St. Louis: Elsevier. Retrieved July, 8, 2015 from https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/medical_topic/21-s2.0-1016324? scrollTo=%23heading80
Good Example: Tuggy, M.L., & Gilliam, M. (2013, July 28). Knee Injury.St. Louis: Elsevier. Retrieved July, 8, 2015 from www.clinicalkey.com
See: APA blog What to Use—The Full Document URL or Home Page URL? |
Links to Directly to APA Citation Style, 7th edition - Research Guides at George Washington University https://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/APA
The publications/items found in the National Guidelines Clearinghouse are summaries, Most of the guideline summaries in the National Guideline Clearinghouse are actually journal articles and it is best to find the original source when possible.
Practice Guideline Synthesis (accessed from National Guideline Clearinghouse):
Format:
Practice Guideline Synthesis (accessed from National Guideline Clearinghouse):
Format:
Author. (date of publication). Guideline synthesis: guideline title. In: National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) [Web site]. Place of publication: Publisher of the guideline. Available from: http://www.guideline.gov.
National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC). (2008). Guideline synthesis: Screening for breast cancer. In: National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) [Web site]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Available from: http://www.guideline.gov.
Other Guidelines Accessed from Places Aside from the National Guidelines Clearinghouse
If citing the full guideline, then cite the guideline as it appeared in the journal.
Format:
Format: Author, AB; . (Year of publication). Article title. Journal title. Volume(issue), pages.
American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology. (2011). ACOG practice bulletin no. 120: Use of prophylactic antibiotics in labor and delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 117(6):1472-83.
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) has only been around since around 2000 and not all articles/publications have a DOI.
It is a unique alphanumeric string assigned by a registration agency (the International DOI Foundation) to identify content and provide a persistent link to its location on the internet.
NOTE: It is regarded as the most important part of the citation because it will accurately direct users to the specific article.
The rules for DOIs have been updated in the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. They should be included as URLs, rather than just the alphanumeric string.
Correct:
Incorrect:
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